Abstract
We present a comparison for high-resolution imaging with a laboratory source between grating-based (GBI) and propagation-based (PBI) x-ray phase-contrast imaging. The comparison is done through simulations and experiments using a liquid-metal-jet x-ray microfocus source. Radiation doses required for detection in projection images are simulated as a function of the diameter of a cylindrical sample. Using monochromatic radiation, simulations show a lower dose requirement for PBI for small object features and a lower dose for GBI for larger object features. Using polychromatic radiation, such as that from a laboratory microfocus source, experiments and simulations show a lower dose requirement for PBI for a large range of feature sizes. Tested on a biological sample, GBI shows higher noise levels than PBI, but its advantage of quantitative refractive index reconstruction for multi-material samples becomes apparent.
Highlights
For x-ray phase-contrast methods to become practical for small-animal or medical imaging, laboratory sources are needed
We have presented a comparison between the PBI and grating-based (or Talbot) phase-contrast imaging (GBI) phase-contrast methods based on experiments and simulations for high-resolution laboratory-based imaging
Images of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) phantom in a liquid-paraffin bath have been acquired for both PBI and GBI systems at the same exposure time and dose
Summary
For x-ray phase-contrast methods to become practical for small-animal or medical imaging, laboratory sources are needed. As phase-contrast imaging allows for a lower dose than absorption imaging for high resolution [1, 2], this is where the medical impact of the methods is likely to be. High-resolution medical or small-animal imaging requires x-ray sources with small emitting areas that still give sufficient flux for reasonable exposure times, and liquidmetal-jet sources have the potential for this [3, 4]. Using a liquid-metal-jet microfocus source, we directly compare two phase-contrast methods relevant for laboratory imaging with respect to the dose required for detection of features of different sizes. For high-resolution imaging, a source with small emitting surface is required. Analyzer-based imaging (ABI) can be applied with polychromatic laboratory sources by using monochromators [8, 9]
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