Comparison of Two Strategies to Introgress Genes for Resistance to Common Scab from Diploid Solanum chacoense into Tetraploid Cultivated Potato

Abstract

Wild potato relatives are important sources of novel genes useful for potato improvement. Since most wild potato species are diploid and most cultivars are tetraploid, it is typically necessary to employ ploidy manipulations to access wild potato germplasm. A common strategy is unilateral sexual polyploidization (USP), in which a tetraploid cultivated clone is crossed with a diploid that produces 2n gametes. The diploid parent may be a wild plant selected for a trait of interest. Alternatively, the wild plant may be crossed to a cultivated diploid and, after selection, the diploid hybrid is then crossed to the tetraploid parent. This study was designed to compare these two strategies for the introgression of common scab resistance from wild diploid Solanum chacoense (chc) into cultivated potato. Progeny were evaluated in naturally scab-infested soil in Maine and Michigan. There were no differences between introgression methods for tuber surface area covered by scab. Scab lesions were significantly more severe when a hybrid was used as the diploid parent, but this difference is likely not large enough to be important in a breeding program. Reciprocal cross differences were not significant. However, location x clone interactions were detected for both surface area and lesion type. This study revealed that, while hybridization strategy did not play a major role in developing this scab resistant germplasm, it is critical to consider production environment when screening for resistance.