Comparison of two post-column derivatization systems, ultraviolet irradiation and electrochemical determination, for the liquid chromatographic determination of aflatoxins in food.

Abstract

This study compared 2 post-column derivatization (PCD) techniques for the determination of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) by fluorescence detection after liquid chromatographic separation: ultraviolet (UV) irradiation (PCD(UV)) and electrochemical bromination (PCD(EC)). Photochemical fluorescence enhancement was obtained with 2 different commercially available systems (PCD(UV1) and PCD(UV2)). An electrochemical bromination apparatus was used for bromination. Analyses of naturally contaminated or spiked samples of corn, pistachio paste, peanut butter, fig paste, and animal feed showed that neither of the techniques resulted in derivatization-specific matrix interferences for any of the matrixes under study, even when extracts were not completely purified. The response ratios PCD(UV)/PCD(EC) for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2 were 0.86, 0.96, 0.70, and 0.96, respectively, for PCD(UV1) and 0.82, 0.95, 0.60, and 0.90, respectively, for PCD(UV2). The long-term use of the UV lamps (300 h for PCD(UV1) and 343 h for PCD(UV2)) in the photochemical detectors showed that these ratios remained stable throughout the time frame investigated. The relative standard deviation obtained for each of the devices during the in-house validation study ranged from 0.3 to 1.8% for PCD(UV1), from 0.8 to 1.3% for PCD(UV2), and from 0.9 to 2.0% for PCD(EC).