Abstract
Monoterpenes are the C10 members of the terpenoid family of natural products, and they diverge from higher isoprenoid biosynthesis at the level of geranyl pyrophosphate. γ-Terpinene synthase and limonene synthase catalyze the divalent metal ion-dependent cyclization of geranyl pyrophosphate to cyclic monoterpenes of the p-menthane type; however, γ-terpinene synthase generates a diverse assortment of minor monoterpene co-products from geranyl pyrophosphate whereas limonene synthase produces a single product. The basic physical and chemical characteristics of these two monoterpene cyclases are described and compared to properties of other terpene cyclases.
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