Abstract
Aim: The aim is to compare the vocal fold vibration seen during lip and tongue trills with that seen during phonation of the sustained vowel /ε/, in terms of the periodicity of the EGG waveform and the amplitude of the EGG signal, in professional voice users. Study design: This was a quasi-experimental study. Methods: We used electroglottography (EGG) to compare the vocal fold vibration seen during tongue and lip trills with that seen during phonation of the sustained vowel /ε/, in terms of the EGG waveform periodicity and signal amplitude, in 10 classically trained, professional singers. The participants produced the sustained vowel /ε/ and performed tongue and lip trills at the same frequency and intensity. The periodicity of the waveform and the amplitude of the signal were visually analyzed by three blinded, experienced readers. To confirm the visual analysis results, we measured the jitter and shimmer of the signal and the frequency of variation in vocal fold vibration during the trill exercises. Results: The EGG waveform was classified as periodic for the sustained vowel phonation task and as quasi-periodic for the trill exercises, the vibration pattern repeating at approximately 24 Hz. Conclusion: The vibration of the vocal folds was modified according to the supraglottic movement in trills exercises.
Highlights
Articulators are a group of structures that work collectively to maintain the resistance of the vocal tract during phonation
Regardless of the intensity at which they were performed, tongue trills and lip trills were found to be similar in terms of the periodicity of the EGG waveform, the amplitude of the EGG signal and the automatic measurements of jitter and shimmer, having differed, from the sustained vowel /ε/
The results of the visual analysis of the EGG waveform were consistent with the automatic measurements of jitter, which were found to be higher during the trill exercises than during the sustained vowel phonation task
Summary
Articulators are a group of structures that work collectively to maintain the resistance of the vocal tract during phonation. The speech system is highly capable of adjusting the articulation and breath to maintain the aerodynamics during the production of consonants, especially plosives [1] [2]. Some changes can be seen in vocal tract impedance when the vocal tract is partially occluded, or when the tube is extended, for example with straws. The longer the tube extension or the occlusion is, the higher the impedance is. Exercises that cause the vocal tract to completely occlude—for instance, a long /b/—cause high impedance, and the voice is produced for a short period. Even though exercises for voiced fricatives such as bilabial [b:] increase intraoral pressure and, the impedance; their load is a bit lower because the occlusion is partial [4]
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