Abstract
The aim of our study was to compare the course of TBE in children and adults. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 669 patients was performed. The patients were categorized into 2 groups: Group I with 68 children and group II with 601 adults. TBE symptoms in children were milder compared with adults, with meningitis in 97% of cases. In adults, meningoencephalitis and meningoencephalomyelitis made up 49.26% of cases. Nausea and vomiting are more frequent in children, while neurological manifestations are more frequent in adults. There were no differences in CSF pleocytosis at the onset of disease in both groups, while CSF protein concentration was higher in adults. Children treated with corticosteroids over 7 days had higher checkup pleocytosis than pleocytosis at the onset of disease compared with adults. Corticosteroid use prolongs the disease duration but does not influence the development of TBE sequelae. Children had more favourable outcomes than adult patients.
Highlights
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a common infectious disease in northeastern and central Europe that affects adults and children
There were no differences in Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis at the onset of disease in both groups, while CSF protein concentration was higher in adults
Our study showed that only 36.7% of children and 32.9% of adults presented with the biphasic course
Summary
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a common infectious disease in northeastern and central Europe that affects adults and children. The number of TBE cases in Europe varies depending on country and ranges from a few cases up to over 600 cases annually (Beauté et al 2018). In Poland, the TBE notification rate increased in 1993 and has remained stable since (Kaiser 2008). According to the data of the National Institute of Public HealthNational Institute of Hygiene (the national centre for infectious diseases epidemiology), in Poland, the annual number of TBE cases fluctuates between 200 and 300. In 2004, 262 cases (0.62 per 100,000 inhabitants) were reported, and in 2018, 191 cases (0.51 per 100,000 inhabitants) were reported (Valarcher et al 2015). The cases reported in Podlaskie Province accounted for 46% of all cases reported in our country
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