Abstract
Thirty-eight S3 families obtained by selfing from IAC-125 popcorn hybrid were evaluated by three different topcross tester parents: an inbred line P3.3- S7 generation taken from popcorn population CMS-42, an open-pollinated variety BRS Angela and the commercial three-way hybrid Jade. Manual crossings were performed according to a partial diallel mating design. Topcross hybrids were evaluated in individual experiments for each tester carried out in randomized block designs with three replications in two locations (Maringa-Parana and Sabaudia-Parana). The results for grain yield and popping expansion were gathered in a combined analysis. Estimates of general and specific combining ability were obtained according to Griffing's methodology (1956), adapted by Geraldi and Miranda Filho (1988). The hybrid Jade was considered the most appropriate tester because it discriminated the evaluated families well for both grain yield and popping expansion according to Fasoulas index of differentiation. Families F4, F7, F16 and F31 are the most promising due to their high general combining ability for both traits as well their performance regardless of the effect of locations.
Highlights
Developing and evaluating inbred lines are the most expensive and laborious steps of hybrid maize production (PINNISCH et al, 2012)
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of three testers in discriminating S3 families derived from the popcorn hybrid IAC-125 as well as evaluating their general combining ability for grain yield and popping expansion, thereby contributing to the characterization and use of testers in topcrosses applied to popcorn breeding
Processing of individual variance analysis in both locations revealed that the highest grain yield occurred in Sabáudia and the largest popping expansion was detected in Maringá
Summary
Developing and evaluating inbred lines are the most expensive and laborious steps of hybrid maize production (PINNISCH et al, 2012). The main difficulty is finding efficient testers to discriminate families both for grain yield and popping expansion. These traits have different inheritance mechanisms and are usually negatively correlated, which slow the obtaining of new cultivars (BABU et al, 2006; MUNHOZ et al, 2009). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of three testers in discriminating S3 families derived from the popcorn hybrid IAC-125 as well as evaluating their general combining ability for grain yield and popping expansion, thereby contributing to the characterization and use of testers in topcrosses applied to popcorn breeding
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