Abstract
Pneumocystis pneumonia due to Pneumocystis jirovecii infection is an emerging health problem not only for HIV-infected patients but also for other immunocompromised patients in many countries. We compared Gomori methenamine silver (GMS), Toluidine Blue O (TBO) and Giemsa staining methods using standard procedures. The sensitivity and specificity of GMS were 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of TBO were 96 and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Giemsa stain were 84 and 90%, respectively. Only GMS had positive and negative predictive values of 100% while PPV and NPV for TBO were 100 and 90.9%, and for Giemsa stain were 95.4 and 69.2%, respectively. Therefore, our results suggest that if TBO or Geimsa stains are used as the primary staining methods in a clinical laboratory, then confirmation with a GMS staining method should be performed to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the final test result.
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