Abstract
Following vegetation reclamation in mining areas, secondary damage may occur at any time, especially in locations that have been mined for decades or even hundreds of years. Effective monitoring strategies are required to accurately assess plant growth and to detect the ecological effects of reclamation. Single satellite monitoring is often difficult to ensure vegetation monitoring needs, therefore multi-source remote sensing is preferred. Different sensor parameters and variation in spectral bands can lead to differences in the type of data obtained, and subsequently, methods for evaluating these differences are required for simultaneous sensor/band use. In this study, NDVI was selected to characterize the vegetation growth of the Antaibao Open-pit Coal Mine Dump by analyzing the correlation between different types of sensors (Landsat 8, HJ, Sentinel-2) and vegetation greenness in order to facilitate satellites’ replacement and supplement. Results show that: (1) Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 satellite have a high relevance for monitoring the vegetation, but the correlation between these two sensors and HJ is relatively low, (2) the correlation between NDVI values varied by vegetation type, tree (R = 0.8698) > combined grass, shrub and tree (R = 0.7788) > grass (R = 0.7619) > shrub (R = 0.7282), and (3) the phenomenon of “Low value is high, high value is low” in the NDVI value with HJ satellite monitoring may have been caused by a weak signal strength and low sensitivity of the HJ sensor. Comparing the correlation of multi-source sensors to monitor the vegetation in the mining areas can be helpful to determine the alternative supplement of sensors through conversion formulas, which are helpful in realizing the long-term monitoring of dumps and detecting reclamation response in mining areas.
Highlights
Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, The Ministry of Natural Resources, Technology Innovation Center of Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area, The Ministry of Natural
The spectral response function of HJ causes the phenomenon of “Low value is high and high value is low” in vegetation monitoring, which indicates that the HJ sensor is weaker than other satellite sensors in acquiring vegetation information
Through the interactive comparison of Landsat 8, Sentinel-2, and HJ sensors, it was found that the correlations of different sensors in monitoring vegetation make a significant difference to the results
Summary
Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, The Ministry of Natural Resources, Technology Innovation Center of Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area, The Ministry of Natural. NDVI was selected to characterize the vegetation growth of the Antaibao Open-pit Coal Mine Dump by analyzing the correlation between different types of sensors (Landsat 8, HJ, Sentinel-2) and vegetation greenness in order to facilitate satellites’ replacement and supplement. Comparing the correlation of multi-source sensors to monitor the vegetation in the mining areas can be helpful to determine the alternative supplement of sensors through conversion formulas, which are helpful in realizing the long-term monitoring of dumps and detecting reclamation response in mining areas. While mineral resources provide the energy required for economic development, these result in unprecedented severe environmental degradation, including air pollution, large-scale land disturbance, and damage to ecosystem resilience and sustainability [2,3]. By using effective monitoring techniques within mining areas, vegetation conditions can be reclaimed by enhancing restoration planning and implementation [5,6]
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