Abstract
The oral mucositis is an adverse event of radiotherapy and/or high toxicity chemotherapy. The Solidago chilensis (Arnica) has been used for its antiseptic, analgesic, healing and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the uses of Arnica for oral mucositis prevention in patients submitted to radiotherapy for head and neck tumors treatment and/or high toxicity chemotherapy. Methodology: The determination of the cytotoxicity index of the aqueous extract was determined in vitro. The oral mucosa was evaluated in days 0, 10 and 14 of patients in the groups: treated with lasertherapy (L, n=18), treated with Arnica (A, n=24) and, treated with lasertherapy associated with Arnica (LA, n=4). It was considered significant p<0.05. Results: It was determined IC50=90,74 μg/mL of Arnica’s aqueous extract in SCC-4 cells. The development of oral mucositis was associated with the type of treatment for oral mucositis prevention: L, A, and LA (χ2 = 24,72, p<0.0001). The level of oral mucositis had significant interaction with the type of prevention treatment [F(2) = 9.545, p<0.0001] and, within 14 days [F(2) = 11.995, p<0.0001]. Conclusions: The results obtained suggest which the use of Solidago chilensis (Arnica) can be an important therapeutic option for treatment with low-level laser therapy for oral mucositis prevention in patients submitted of head and neck radiotherapy and/or high toxicity chemotherapy.
Highlights
The mucositis is considered the most serious and stressful complication of non-surgical cancer treatment and, in severe levels it can take to hospitalization for nutritional questions and, to increase secondary infections risks (Barkokebas et al, 2015)
About 20% to 40% of patients who receive solid tumors chemotherapy, more than 80% of patients submitted to radiotherapy in head and neck region and, about 80% of patients exposed to high doses of chemotherapy before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation developing oral mucositis (Bowen & Wardill, 2017)
Regarding the type of cancer treatment, the distribution of cases treated with laser therapy, Arnica and laser therapy associated with Arnica for the prevention of oral mucositis was similar (χ2 = 4.914, p>0.05), Table 1
Summary
The mucositis is considered the most serious and stressful complication of non-surgical cancer treatment and, in severe levels it can take to hospitalization for nutritional questions and, to increase secondary infections risks (Barkokebas et al, 2015). The radiotherapy in head and neck and the toxicity of chemotherapy can cause mucositis (Rose-Ped et al, 2002). About 20% to 40% of patients who receive solid tumors chemotherapy, more than 80% of patients submitted to radiotherapy in head and neck region and, about 80% of patients exposed to high doses of chemotherapy before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation developing oral mucositis (Bowen & Wardill, 2017). The use of low-level laser therapy for the prevention of oral mucositis is recommended, as it is a non-invasive treatment known to significantly reduce pain, severity and duration of symptoms (Mallick et al, 2016)
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