Comparison of the trophic niches between two planktivorous fishes in two large lakes using stable isotope analysis

Abstract

This paper studied the sources of food and the trophic levels of silver and bighead carps using stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) analysis in Lake Qiandao and Lake Taihu. The δ13C values of POM and phytoplankton indicated that Particulate Organic Matter (POM) is of terrestrial origin in LQ and phytoplankton origin in LT. The different signature of δ15N of phytoplankton and POM also showed the different extent of anthropogenic impacts on the two lakes, with higher impacts in LT than in LQ. In LQ the trophic levels of silver and bighead carps were significantly different (2.48 ± 0.19 and 2.66 ± 0.19, respectively), while in LT the difference was not significant (2.15 ± 1.54 and 2.36 ± 0.38, respectively). Using a mixing model, we found that silver and bighead carps consumed a major proportion on phytoplankton and/or POM in both lakes with higher contribution of phytoplankton in more eutrophic lake. Silver and bighead carps had clear differentiation in food resources with silver carp more on POM and bighead more on zooplankton in deep and mesotrophic lakes. Contrary to this, both carps fed primarily on phytoplankton (and POM) and may have more niche overlaps in shallow and eutrophic lakes.