Abstract
Orbital fractures are common injuries in adults and children. Although the mechanism of blowout fracture is generally similar regardless of age, due to differences in anatomy, clinical symptoms of these fractures vary in the 2 groups of patients. Numerous articles describe the methods of orbital reconstruction leading to enophthalmos correction; however, the current literature lacks articles presenting the comparison of enophthalmos treatment results in adults and children with orbital blowout fracture. The aim of this study was to compare the results of the treatment of enophthalmos in orbital blowout fracture in children/adolescents and adults with regard to the location of the fracture, the time from the injury to surgical treatment, the type of surgical procedure, and the donor location of an autogenous bone graft. The treatment results of 2 groups were compared: 530 adults (patients over 18 years of age; 18-77 years; average age: 34 years); and 200 children/adolescents (4-18 years; average age: 12.1 years). Data was obtained retrospectively through a review of the medical history of patients treated for a fracture of the orbital floor and/or medial wall in our department in the years 1975-2015. In patients with post-traumatic enophthalmos, the correct positioning of the eyeball was achieved in 313 adults (59.1%) and 139 children (69.5%), improvement in 159 adults (30%) and 49 children (24.5%), and no improvement in 58 adults (10.9%) and 12 children (6%). Recovery after surgical treatment was achieved in 311 adults (60.9%) and 94 children (52.8%), improvement in 120 adults (23.5%) and 59 children (33.1%), and no improvement in 80 adults (15.7%) and 25 children (14%). The relationship between post-traumatic enophthalmos and the location of the fracture was more significantly marked in the adult group. In cases that required bone graft reconstruction, better results were achieved in adults. Cite as.
Highlights
In adults as well as in children, orbital fractures are quite common among the injuries of the facial part of the skull
Numerous articles describe the methods of orbital reconstruction leading to enophthalmos correction; the current literature lacks articles presenting the comparison of enophthalmos treatment results in adults and children with orbital blowout fracture
The relationship between post-traumatic enophthalmos and the location of the fracture was more significantly marked in the adult group
Summary
In adults as well as in children, orbital fractures are quite common among the injuries of the facial part of the skull. Numerous articles describe the methods of orbital reconstruction leading to postoperative enophthalmos correction; the current literature lacks articles presenting the comparison of enophthalmos treatment results in adults and children with orbital blowout fracture. Typical symptoms of pure blowout fracture of the orbit include diplopia, enophthalmos and the lack of sensation in the suborbital area, usually accompanied by soft tissue swelling. In the case of orbital fracture in pediatric patients, limited eyeball movement is predominant, very often with the lack of or very discreet symptoms of soft tissue swelling.[6]. Numerous articles describe the methods of orbital reconstruction leading to enophthalmos correction; the current literature lacks articles presenting the comparison of enophthalmos treatment results in adults and children with orbital blowout fracture
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