Abstract

NiO nanoparticles were administered to rat lungs via intratracheal instillation or inhalation. During pulmonary toxicity caused by NiO nanoparticles, the induction of oxidative stress is a major factor. Both intratracheal instillation and inhalation of NiO nanoparticles induced pulmonary oxidative stress. The oxidative stress response protein, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), was induced by the administration of NiO nanoparticles at both the protein and gene expression level. Additionally, certain oxidative-stress markers in the lung, such as 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, thioredoxin, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were increased. Furthermore, the concentration of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the lung was also increased by the administration of NiO nanoparticles. When the amount of NiO in the lung is similar, the responses against pulmonary oxidative stress of intratracheal instillation and inhalation are also similar. However, the state of pulmonary oxidative stress in the early phase was different between intratracheal instillation and inhalation, even if the amount of NiO in the lung was similar. Inhalation causes milder oxidative stress than that caused by intratracheal instillation. On evaluation of the nanoparticle-induced pulmonary oxidative stress in the early phase, we should understand the different states of oxidative stress induced by intratracheal instillation and inhalation.

Highlights

  • Evaluation of the pulmonary toxicity caused by nanoparticles is very important for the industrial application of nanoparticles

  • We previously reported a comparison of the pulmonary toxicity of NiO nanoparticles caused by intratracheal instillation or inhalation with the same retained amount of NiO in the lung [8]

  • There were no significant differences in body weights between the control animals and the stress response protein, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), in the lung tissue increased by both intratracheal administrated animals through the experimental periods

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Summary

Introduction

Evaluation of the pulmonary toxicity caused by nanoparticles is very important for the industrial application of nanoparticles. Intratracheal instillation and inhalation exposure to rodents is frequently employed to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of nanoparticles. If the pulmonary responses to intratracheal instillation and inhalation are compared, the retained amount of the test materials in the lung is very important. We previously reported a comparison of the pulmonary toxicity of NiO nanoparticles caused by intratracheal instillation or inhalation with the same retained amount of NiO in the lung [8]. When the retained amount of NiO in the lung was similar, the pulmonary inflammation and injury caused by NiO nanoparticles was similar with both intratracheal instillation and inhalation. We compared the pulmonary oxidative stress caused by intratracheal instillation or inhalation of NiO nanoparticles, with a similar amount of NiO retained in the lung

NiO Nanoparticles
Animals
Intratracheal Instillation
Inhalation
Measurement of Oxidative Stress-Related Proteins
Measurement of Gene Expression
Discussion
Concentration of Lipid
Concentration of Trx in the Lung Tissue
Gene Gene
Concentration of MPO inofthe
Findings
Influence
Conclusions
Full Text
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