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Abstract
ABSTRACTThe influence of the proximal tibia conformation in the rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in dogs is still controversial, especially in Labrador Retrievers. The aim of this study was to compare the angles of the proximal tibia between Labrador Retrievers and other large breeds of dogs, both groups with and without CCL rupture. Radiographic images of 64 stifle joints were obtained and divided into four groups of 16 images. Group 1 consisted of Labrador dogs without orthopedic disorders, group 2 consisted of Labrador dogs with CCL rupture, group 3 consisted of dogs of various large breeds without orthopedic disorders, and group 4 consisted of dogs of various large breeds with CCL rupture. The radiographs were performed in mediolateral projection with the stifle joint positioned at an approximate angle of 135°. The tibial plateau angle showed an overall average of 22.17°±4.20°, and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The patellar ligament angle in relation to the tibial plateau had a mean of 103°±4.20°, and there was a significant difference between groups 1 and 4. The patellar ligament angle in relation to the common tangent at the tibiofemoral contact point showed an average of 99.06°±6.08°, and there was no difference between the groups. The patellar ligament insertion angle had an overall average of 51.45°±5.06°, and there was a significant difference between the two groups of normal dogs and two groups of ruptured dogs. In conclusion, the tibial plateau angle, the patellar ligament angles and the patellar ligament insertion angle do not seem to be predisposing factors for rupture of the CCL in Labrador Retriever dogs. In general, there seems to be no relationship between the angles of the proximal tibia and the CCL rupture in dogs.
Highlights
The rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) is one of the most common orthopedic conditions in dogs (Shahar and Milgram, 2006; Duer et al, 2008), leading to instability of the stifle joint and degenerative joint disease (Fettig et al, 2003; Robinson et al, 2006; Canapp, 2007; Kim et al, 2008)
Group 1 consisted of 16 Labrador dogs without orthopedic disorders, group 2 consisted of 12 Labrador dogs with CCL rupture (4 dogs with bilateral rupture), group 3 consisted of 16 dogs of various large breeds without orthopedic disorders, and group 4 consisted of 16 dogs of various large breeds with CCL rupture
Group 2 was composed of Labradors with a CCL rupture, consisting of five males and seven females, with a mean body weight of 33.25 kg and average age of 5.4 years
Summary
The rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) is one of the most common orthopedic conditions in dogs (Shahar and Milgram, 2006; Duer et al, 2008), leading to instability of the stifle joint and degenerative joint disease (Fettig et al, 2003; Robinson et al, 2006; Canapp, 2007; Kim et al, 2008). There are some factors that can predispose dogs to rupture of the CCL and the tibial plateau angle (TPA) can be one of them (Zeltzman et al, 2005; Osmond et al, 2006; Kim et al, 2008). It is believed that excessive TPA can lead to large tension on the ligament predisposing it for rupture (Duer et al, 2008; Kim et al, 2008; Griffon, 2010)
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