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Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV), causing an OIE-notifiable viral disease of swine, is spreading over the Eurasian continent and threatening the global pig industry. Here, we conducted the first proteome analysis of ASFV-infected primary porcine monocyte-derived macrophages (moMΦ). In parallel to moMΦ isolated from different pigs, the stable porcine cell line WSL-R was infected with a recombinant of ASFV genotype IX strain “Kenya1033”. The outcome of the infections was compared via quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteome analysis. Major differences with respect to the expression of viral proteins or the host cell response were not observed. However, cell-specific expression of some individual viral proteins did occur. The observed modulations of the host proteome were mainly related to cell characteristics and function. Overall, we conclude that both infection models are suitable for use in the study of ASFV infection in vitro.
Highlights
Accepted: 21 October 2021African swine fever virus (ASFV, family Asfarviridae) is a highly virulent virus that infects swine for which, currently, neither a vaccine nor a treatment is available
While homologs of a core set of conserved viral genes encoding for viral structural proteins or proteins involved in virion morphogenesis can be found in all 24 genotypes currently defined, the composition of a genome can vary with respect to the presence or absence of other genes [4]; among them are sets of paralogous genes known as multi gene families (MGFs)
We infected the natural target cell for ASFV, i.e., macrophages and the porcine cell line WSL-R, to analyze the expression levels of the viral proteins and the response that ASFV infection elicits regarding the expression of host proteins
Summary
Accepted: 21 October 2021African swine fever virus (ASFV, family Asfarviridae) is a highly virulent virus that infects swine (family Suidae) for which, currently, neither a vaccine nor a treatment is available. For roughly one third of the ASFV ORFeome, no information about the expression of a corresponding protein in mammalian cells is available [1]. This knowledge gap, which is partially due to the lack of appropriate immunologic reagents, has been partially filled by the application of MS-based proteomics using infected stable cell cultures [2,3]. While homologs of a core set of conserved viral genes encoding for viral structural proteins or proteins involved in virion morphogenesis can be found in all 24 genotypes currently defined, the composition of a genome can vary with respect to the presence or absence of other genes [4]; among them are sets of paralogous genes known as multi gene families (MGFs). MGF proteins have been described as virulence factors, host range determinants or modulators of host response to infection [5–8]. ASFV is known to evade the antiviral response by modulating immune-related pathways, such as NFκB-mediated signaling or the interferon
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