Abstract
Essential oils of two medicinal plants of genus Ocimum, Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum sanctum, were compared for physical characteristics, iodine values, flavour tests, sodium/potassium levels and GC/MS. The density and refractive index (1.6368) of the essential oils of O. sanctum was more than that of O. basilicum essential oils. O. basilicum essential oils were dextro-rotatory, whereas, O. sanctum essential oils were levo-rotatory (-0.044o). Hydro-distillate of O. sanctum essential oil showed greater viscosity (26.75 g -1 .cm.s) and fluidity was found to be greater for O. basilicum hydro-distillate (0.070 g.cm -1 .s - 1 ). The results of the essential oils of both the plants were same for flavour substances tests. The sodium/potassium levels of methanol extract of both the plants were 0.01 ppm and for n-hexane extract it was 0.00 ppm. Iodine value was found to be greatest for the n-hexane fraction of O. basilicum (3375.54) Besides many other constituents, GC/MS analysis showed the presence of fluorene, benzonitrile, m-phenethyl-,9H-fluorene, 9-methylene-, propanamide, N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2,2- dimethyl- for the first time in the essential oils of both plants.
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