Abstract
Allometric scaling techniques provide new ways to examine BMD, and may provide deeper insights into understanding the complex association between BMD and body composition. Further investigation between BMD and allometric scaling of body composition components should be conducted in larger samples, mixed ethnic, and gender groups.
Highlights
IntroductionGenetics is the major determinant of bone mineral density (BMD) in adults, but body composition and physical activity are major factors in attaining peak BMD during adolescence [1]
Further investigation between bone mineral density (BMD) and allometric scaling of body composition components should be conducted in larger samples, mixed ethnic, and gender groups
Genetics is the major determinant of bone mineral density (BMD) in adults, but body composition and physical activity are major factors in attaining peak BMD during adolescence [1]
Summary
Genetics is the major determinant of bone mineral density (BMD) in adults, but body composition and physical activity are major factors in attaining peak BMD during adolescence [1]. The pre-pubertal human skeleton is sensitive to the mechanical stimulation by physical activity. High volumes of weight-bearing physical activity place more mechanical strain on the skeleton and stimulate metabolic acidosis which promotes bone remodeling [2,3]. To obtain the maximal peak bone mass potentially achievable, physical activity should start at pre-pubertal ages and should be maintained throughout pubertal development. Physical activity that stimulates BMD stimulates lean tissue growth [4]. Starting physical activity prior to the pubertal growth spurt stimulates both bone and skeletal muscle hypertrophy to a greater degree than observed with normal growth in non-
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