Comparison of the lower extremity function of patients with foot problems according to the level of kinesiophobia

Abstract

Purpose The presence of kinesiophobia was identified in patients with foot problems. There was no finding of foot functionality according to the level of kinesiophobia in lower extremity problems. The aim of this study was to compare the lower extremity functional status in foot problems with a low or high level of kinesiophobia. Materials and methods Evaluated herein were 37 patients with foot problems (plantar fasciitis, hallux valgus, flat foot). Physical and demographic characteristics were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups based on if they had a high or low level of kinesiophobia using the Tampa kinesiophobia scale. Ankle plantar flexor and knee flexor muscles tightness were recorded. The foot posture was evaluated using the Foot Posture Index. Foot-related pain was measured using the Visual Analog Scale Foot & Ankle. The Foot Function Index and the American Orthopaedics Foot and Ankle Foundation Ankle-Hindfoot Scale and Hallux Metatarsophalangeal–Interphalangeal Scale were used to assess the foot function. The general functional status of the lower extremities was evaluated using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale. Results Foot function was better in patients with a low level of kinesiophobia (p < 0.05). Pain was higher in patients with high level of kinesiophobia than in patients with a low level of kinesiophobia (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the groups in terms of foot posture index and muscle tightness (p > 0.05). The general lower extremity function was more negatively affected in patients with a high level of kinesiophobia (p < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with a high level of kinesiophobia presented with more functional problems in the foot and whole lower extremity; hence, function-based rehabilitation and pain coping strategies should be a crucial part of the rehabilitation program at the earliest opportunity.