Comparison of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Regions Between Hybrid and Their Parents in Scallop

Biao Wu,Zhihong Liu,Xiujun Sun,Aiguo Yang,Liqing Zhou,Jiteng Tian,Wandong Xu,Tao Yu,Jiakun Yan

doi:10.5539/ijb.v6n4p103

Biao Wu, Zhihong Liu + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v6n4p103

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Abstract

The remarkable heterosis of the heterozygous F1 derived from Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri (?) and Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis (?) has been proved during cultured process, and some genetic characteristics analysis have also been conducted using some molecular markers ISSR, SSR, MSAP, and so on. However, no study about the comparison between hybrid offspring and parents based on the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was explored. In this study, the ITS-1 and ITS-2 of the C. farreri, P. yessoensis and their hybrid were amplified by PCR using specific primers and characteristics of those ITS regions, genetic regularity were analyzed. The results suggested that ITS-2 (334 bp- 352 bp) were a little longer than ITS-1 (241 bp- 256 bp) in length while the average GC content were lower than AT in most individuals, and they all had high genetic variation. Also, the gene flow between the hybrid and female parents were higher than that of hybrid and male parents. Our data implied a commonality that the ITS regions of offspring shared more similarity with that of female parents. This data in the present investigation will help for further studies in heterosis mechanism and utilization of hybrid scallop in China.

Highlights

Scallop is enjoyed as a good taste food source by humans in China, and four species are widely cultured
As to the hybridization of C. farreri and P. yessoensis, some analyses were conducted based on some molecular technologies like random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), and methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) in our previous study and all the results showed that the hybrids have rich genetic diversity level (Cheng et al, 2009; He et al, 2007; Yang et al, 2009; Yu et al, 2010)
It revealed that the length of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the offspring were more similar to their female parents C. farreri in both ITS-1 and ITS-2, while their male parents P. yessoensis were shorter in ITS-1 and longer in ITS-2

Summary

Introduction

Scallop is enjoyed as a good taste food source by humans in China, and four species are widely cultured. The Zhikong scallop, Chlamys farreri, a native species in China, is one of the most economically scallops, whose production had almost reached approximately 80% of the total scallop production before introducing the Bay Scallop (Argopecten irradians) and Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) from overseas. It has a wide distribution along the coasts of North China, Korea, Japan, and Eastern Russia (Zhang et al, 2011). The intercross of C. farreri (♀) and P. yessoensis (♂) has been proved to be a good way to improve the scallop quality, comparing to C. farreri, the hybrid F1 had similar appearance traits, higher survival rate of 95% and growth rate was improved by 23%, while there was large scale death of C. farreri in high water temperature season, which revealed that the heterosis of the heterozygous F1 was very apparent (Yang et al, 2004)

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