Comparison of the Immunogenicity and Safety of Three Enhanced Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccines from Different Manufacturers in Healthy Korean Infants: A Prospective Multicenter Study

Byung Ok Kwak,Su Eun Park,Seon Hee Shin,Taek-Jin Lee,Byung Wook Eun,Young Jin Hong,Dong Hyun Kim,Sang Hyuk Ma,Kyung Min Choi

doi:10.3390/vaccines8020200

Abstract

The enhanced inactivated poliovirus vaccine was first introduced in 2002, and several inactivated poliovirus vaccines are licensed in Korea. Reliable data by a prospective study on the immunogenicity and safety of the inactivated poliovirus vaccines in Korean infants are required. Normal healthy infants aged 6–12 weeks received three doses of the vaccine (IPVAX™, Imovax Polio™ or Poliorix™) in intervals of 2 months. Neutralizing antibody (NTAb) titers were measured before and 4–6 weeks after three-dose primary vaccination. Immunogenicity was evaluated by seroconversion rates and geometric mean titers obtained by analyzing NTAb titers. Local and systemic adverse events were recorded during 7 days after each vaccination. A total of 150 infants were included: 40 in IPVAX™, 52 in Imovax Polio™, and 58 in Poliorix™. The seroconversion rates for the group vaccinated with IPVAX™ were 100% in types 1, 2 and 3, while those of Imovax Polio™ were 98.1%, 96.2%, 96.2% and those of Poliorix™ were 98.3%, 100%, 100%, respectively. In all groups, injection site redness and irritability were the most common local and systemic adverse events. Neither serious adverse events nor adverse events above grade 2 were reported throughout the study. The currently used inactivated poliovirus vaccines was demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic in healthy Korean infants.

Highlights

Since the poliovirus vaccine was introduced in the 1950s, the incidence of paralytic polio has been markedly reduced [1]
The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) at each participating hospital
Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of the participants

Summary

Introduction

Since the poliovirus vaccine was introduced in the 1950s, the incidence of paralytic polio has been markedly reduced [1]. While it has been largely eradicated in most developed nations, occasional cases are reported among the unimmunized, which has been attributed to immigration. In Korea, the old inactivated poliovirus vaccine (oIPV) for injection was introduced in 1962, and the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) was introduced in 1965. Both were used for vaccinations until 1975, and only the OPV was used. Polio cases have decreased to 0.1 per 100,000 persons since the introduction of the poliovirus vaccine, and no new cases have been reported since the five reported cases in 1983 [3]

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Discussion

Conclusion