Comparison of the hemodynamic effects of a loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with total intravenous anesthesia or inhalation anesthesia on children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of a loading dose of dexmedetomidine(Dex) on the hemodynamics of children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) during total intravenous anesthesia and total inhalation anesthesia. Methods A total of 50 patients scheduled for adenotonsillectomy were enrolled in the study, and randomly divided into a total intravenous anesthesia group (group A) and an inhaled anesthesia group (group B) (n=25). After anesthesia induction, both groups were given a loading dose of Dex (1 μg/kg over 10 min). The systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), mean arterial pressure(MAP) and heart rate were recorded before infusion(T0), 5 min(T5) and 10 min(T10) after administration of Dex. Results Compared with baseline values, group A presented remarkable increases in SBP, DBP and MAP at T5 and T10(P<0.05). Group B demonstrated decreased SBP, DBP and MAP 10 min after infusion(P<0.05). The heart rate in the both groups were significantly decreased after Dex infusion(P<0.05). Conclusions During anesthesia maintenance, a loading dose of Dex can significantly increase arterial blood pressure in OSAHS patients when combined with total intravenous anesthesia, and significantly decrease arterial blood pressure when combined with inhaled anesthesia. Key words: Dexmedetomidine; Hemodynamics; Pediatric; Maintenance of anesthesia; Obstructive sleep hypopnea syndrome