Abstract
The flow field inside whirling (whirl ratio51) and non-whirling seals can be dramatically different. The statically eccentric seal is dominated by viscous drag which is responsible for generating the azimuthal velocity inside the seal and the turbulence. Conversely, the whirling seal produces the azimuthal velocity component by pushing the fluid by the rotor (dynamic forces) which results in larger azimuthal velocity values, decreased radial velocity gradients, and decreased turbulence production inside the seal. The biggest difference is that the region of high pressure switches from one side of the seal to the other. This implies that at whirl ratios between 0 and 1 the magnitude of the pressure and suction pressures must decrease in value from the statically eccentric values, reach a minimum, and then increase again only on the opposite sides of the seal. This can explain why the value of the whirl ratio can determine if a seal will be stabilizing or destabilizing.
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