Comparison of the Expectation of Caregivers and Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Doe Independence in Diabetes Care-Related Tasks

Abstract

Children who are given unsupervised responsibility for their diabetes care prior to developmental and/or emotional readiness may have poorer glycemic control. The purpose of this study was to assess the age-related expectations of children and caregivers for independence in diabetes care-related tasks. A total of 150 participants with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) receiving multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) were enrolled in this study. All caregivers and participants older than 10 years of age completed questionnaires evaluating the expected age of independence for different diabetes care-related tasks. The participants expected independence with no direct supervision in most diabetes care-related tasks at a younger age than their caregivers (P<.05). The difference was more prominent for those on CSII compared to MDI (P<.01). There was a positive correlation between the age when caregivers expect independence for most of the diabetes-related tasks and the age at diagnosis, regardless of the use of MDI or CSII (P<.01). Children with T1DM expect to assume independence at a younger age than their caregivers do. The younger the children are at diagnosis, the younger they are expected by their caregivers to be independent, especially those on CSII.