Abstract
The essential oils of three Turkish endemic Heracleum species, H. crenatifolium Boiss., H. platytaenium Boiss. and H. sphondylium L. subsp. ternatum (Velen.) Brummitt were obtained using hydrodistillation (HD), microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MWHD), microdistillation (MD), micro steam distillation-solid-phase microextraction (MSD-SPME) techniques and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Compositions of the oils isolated by different methods showed some differences. The main components in all the oils were found to be octyl acetate (19–95%) and octanol (0.6–5.0%). Octyl isovalerate (0.8–6.4%) and decyl acetate (0.5–4.3%) were the next most abundant constituents in the oil of H. crenatifolium. Octyl hexanoate (3.0–4.7%), (Z)-4-octenyl acetate (1.6–2.1%), octanol (0.7–1.0%) and decanal (0.7–1.2%) were the next major constituents in the oil of H. platytaenium. Octyl butyrate (34.6–41.0%), apiole (4.7–20.4%), (Z)-4-octenyl acetate (2.2–4.4%) and (Z)-4-octenyl butyrate (2.6–3.0%) were found as other main constituents in the oil of H. sphondylium subsp. ternatum.
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