Comparison of the Effects of General Anesthesia & Spinal Anesthesia for Elective Cesarean Section in Diabetic Pregnant Women

Abstract

Introduction: Caesarean section (CS) is now one of the most commonly performed major operations in pregnant women throughout the world. While regional or general anaesthesia (GA) are both acceptable for caesarean delivery, use of GA has decreased dramatically in the past few decades due to a higher risk of anaesthesia-related maternal mortality. As a consequence, spinal anaesthesia (SA) is now the technique of choice for CS. It has become the preferred anesthetic technique when providing anesthesia for patients undergoing elective cesarean section as the risk of maternal and fetal complications associated with spinal anesthesia is less than with general anesthesia. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of general & spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section in diabetic pregnant women. Methods: This was a comparative observational study and was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology of Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January,2022 to December,2020.In our study we included 120 pregnant women with diabetes who were given spinal and general anesthesia during C-section surgery. Our patients were equally divided into two groups – i) Group A (Patients were given general anesthesia) & ii) Group B (Patients were given spinal anesthesia). Result: In total 120 patients from both the groups completed the study. In our study we found the mean age and BMI was 34.48± 11.79 years & 38.48± 14.89 kg/m2 respectively. Among all patients 16%, 58% & 27 % patients had Type 1, Type 2 & gestational diabetes respectively. The mean blood glucose level was significantly lower in SA (80.9 ±17.7) compared to GA (121.1± 17.4) after one hour of surgery. The mean of mother’s perioperative difference was significantly lower in SA (4.0 ± 0.19) compared to GA (9.4 ± 0.21). Conclusion: In our study, we found that general anaesthetic had a substantially higher influence on blood glucose concentrations ..