Comparison of the effects of different instrumentation techniques on root surface roughness and cement loss using micro-computerized tomography: An in-vitro study.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three different instruments on the cement loss and roughness of the root surface following scaling and root planning (SRP) using micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT). In this experimental study, 60single-rooted extracted human teeth were used and divided into three groups. All teeth were scanned with micro-CT before and after SRP. Group 1: SRP was performed by Gracey-curette, Group 2: SRP was performed by using an ultrasonic device and Group 3: SRP was performed by using a piezo ultrasonic device. Cement loss and porosity of the root surface were analysed by micro-computerized tomography, which is a current imaging technique that provides high-quality images and allows for qualitative and quantitative analysis of samples. Results of our study revealed that initial porosity values were 1.60%, 1.25%, 1.59% for the group 1, 2, 3, and 0.93%, 0.86 and 0.80 after SRP respectively. Although Group 3had the least surface roughness, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Cement loss following SRP was 47.15μmin the piezo ultrasonic device group, 59.44µm in the ultrasonic device, and 134.163µm in the Gracey-curette group respectively. The highest cement loss was seen in the Gracey-curette group, and there was a significant difference between the three groups. In conclusion, it was observed that surface roughness decreased and similar surface roughness was obtained with all three methods, but more cementum loss was observed with Gracey-curette. Therefore, ultrasonic devices appear to be a viable alternative to manual instrumentation with curettes.