Comparison of the Cobalt Alloy and Stainless Steel Core® Stent in a Porcine Coronary Restenosis Model

Abstract

Background and Objectives:The stent material and thickness may influence the rate of restenosis following coronary artery stenting. A thin strut cobalt-alloy stent has been developed in an attempt to reduce the restenosis rate, while maintaining the radiopacity and radial strength. The purpose of this study was to compare a stainless steel Core stent (thickness: 90 μm/HUMED Co. Ltd, Korea) with that of a cobalt alloy Core stent (thickness: 60 μm/HUMED Co. Ltd, Korea) in a porcine coronary stent restenosis model. Materials and Methods:The cobalt alloy (Co-alloy) and stainless steel (SS) stents were implanted in 24 porcine coronary arteries. Four weeks after stenting, the pigs were sacrificed after quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The coronary arteries were perfusion-fixed and stained, and a pathological examination performed by computer-aided histomorphometry. Results: The minimal luminal diameter at 4 weeks was larger in the Co-alloy than the SS group according to the QCA (1.8±0.8 mm vs. 2.7±0.8 mm, p=0.019). The neointimal area was significantly smaller in the Co-alloy than the SS group (1.96±0.68 mm vs. 0.89±0.27 mm, p<0.001). The intima/media area ratio was significant lower in the Co-alloy than the SS group (1.33±0.46 vs. 0.69±0.21, p=0.003). Conclusion:The thin strut cobalt alloy Core stent significantly reduces the neointimal formation compared to the stainless steel Core stent in a porcine coronary stent injury model. (Korean Circulation J 2005;35:507-512)