Comparison of tandem and conventional mass spectrometry using electron capture negative ionization in the detection of chemically oxidized dexamethasone in human plasma

Abstract

Dexamethansone, a synthetic steroid, can be oxidized chemically to a ketonic steroid structure that is readily detected by electron capture negative ionization mass spectrometry (ECNI/MS). Previous work from this laboratory has demonstrated that the chemical oxidation procedure provides advantages of low detection limits and high selectivity for detection of oxidized dexamethasone against chemical background that would otherwise interfere with detection of this steroidal drug in biological samples using more conventional methodology. This report describes the extent to which tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) can further enhance the selectivity of the oxidation/ECNI methodology for the detection of dexamethasone during the analysis of human plasma and presents evidence that sample introduction by direct inlet probe (DIP) can be used successfully under ECNI conditions. For purposes of comparing the methodologies, the same human plasma samples are analyzed by ECNI, first with detection by conventional mass spectrometry using selected ion monitoring (SIM) and then by MS/MS using selected reaction monitoring (SRM) with sample introduction by the gas chromatographic (GC) inlet and by the DIP. The results indicate that use of the DIP is a viable means of sample introduction for ECNI when sample processing involves the specialized oxidation procedure described herein because the sample matrix does not compete significantly for the thermal electrons in the ion source. Whereas SIM and SRM provide comparable results when sample introduction is achieved by the GC inlet, the MS/MS approach offers the possibility for sample introduction using the DIP, which significantly simplifies and shortens the analysis.