Abstract
The evolution of endoscopic procedures in aesthetic facial surgery has progressed rapidly during the past decade. Endoscopic forehead and brow lifts have become increasingly incorporated not only into the armamentarium of the aesthetic surgeon, but also into the expectations of patients seeking cosmetic surgery. However, not every patient who desires endoscopic forehead and brow rejuvenation is an appropriate candidate. The variety of techniques available to rejuvenate the forehead and to lift the brow continues to expand, while the more “traditional” techniques maintain themselves as viable options in carefully selected patients. The authors explore the various approaches and techniques available, including their indications/contraindications, advantages/disadvantages, and long-term efficacy. In the arena of endoscopic forehead surgery, the different methods of fixation are highlighted.
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