Abstract
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction was carried out in the temperature range 35 to 60°C and from 10 to 30 MPa in order to obtain phytochemical components from several medicinal plants. These were nonacosan-10-ol (1) from the aerial parts of Ephedra sinica, α-amyrin acetate (2) from the root bark of Morus alba, and squalene (3) and stigmasterol (4) from the entire plant of Spirodela polyrhiza. For comparison, Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane was also carried out for these constituents. In the case of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of 1, 2 and 4, the extraction yields tended to increase with increased temperature when the pressure was above 20 MPa. However, extraction yields were maximal at 40°C or 50°C below 15 MPa. When the amounts of extracts obtained by supercritical extraction are compared with those by Soxhlet extraction using n-hexane, it is apparent that supercritical carbon dioxide extraction can be used as an alternative method in the case of squalene and nonacosan-10-ol. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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