Abstract
Background and AimDiode laser is a great choice for soft tissue surgery. The diode laser is partially absorbed by hard dental tissues, making it safe for soft tissue surgery. This study aimed to compare the tissue thermal changes induced by three types of diode lasers at 810, 940, and 980nm wavelengths.Materials and MethodsIn this in-vitro experimental study, using a diode laser device (continuous mode with a 400μm fiber tip) at each of the 810, 940, and 980nm wavelengths and powers of 1, 2, and 3W in contact mode, incisions with the length of 2cm were made on pieces of meat over a period of 10 seconds. The primary and secondary temperatures were measured using a thermocouple. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultsTissue temperature changes induced by diode laser at 810nm/3W were significantly greater than that of 2W power. These changes were higher with 2W of power compared to 1W (P<0.05). Temperature changes induced by diode laser at 940nm/2 and 3W were significantly greater than that of 1W power (P<0.05). Temperature changes induced by diode laser at 980nm/3W were significantly greater than that of 2W power. Tissue temperature changes were higher with 2W of power compared to 1W (P<0.05).ConclusionDiode laser (continuous mode with a 400µm fiber tip) at 3W of power and 980nm wavelength caused the highest rate of thermal changes. The 810nm diode laser with the power of 1W caused the slightest heat changes in the soft tissue.
Highlights
The surgical blade has been traditionally used in soft tissue surgery for many years
This method has limitations, such as the high cost of equipment, the training of specialist personnel for the clinical applications of different lasers, the need for more than one laser in diverse processes, and thermal damage.(5) Lasers used in soft tissue surgery include erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG), carbon dioxide (CO2), neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG), diode, and erbium, chromium-doped yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) lasers. (6,7) The diode laser is a great choice for soft tissue surgery
The diode laser is partially absorbed by hard dental tissues, thereby making it safe for soft tissue surgery; it is widely used in surgical excision of oral pathologic lesions.(5) The biggest advantage of a diode laser is that it is a portable device of small size and low weight.(5,8) The diode laser causes horizontal and vertical thermal damage around the incision site, which results in carbonization, necrosis, and irreversible tissue changes, delaying the wound healing, reducing the tensile strength of the tissue, causing pulp and periodontium tissue injury, causing delay in graft repair, and preventing the correct histopathological diagnosis of the specimens.(1,4,6)
Summary
The surgical blade has been traditionally used in soft tissue surgery for many years. The surgical blade is the first choice in soft tissue surgery due to its accuracy, speed, ease of use, reasonable cost, and minimal damage to the tissues surrounding the surgical site. Result: Tissue temperature changes induced by diode laser at 810nm/3W were significantly greater than that of 2W power. These changes were higher with 2W of power compared to 1W (P
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