Comparison of Single Versus Multiple Low-Level Laser Applications on Bone Formation in Extraction Socket Healing in Rabbits (Histologic and Histomorphometric Study)

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on bone healing after tooth extraction in healthy rabbits and compared the effect between single and multiple doses of laser therapy. Thirty-six New Zealand white male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: a control (C) group, a single laser (SL) group, and a multiple laser (ML) group. The mandibular right first premolar was extracted. The SL group received a single dose of diode laser immediately after extraction. The ML group received a dose immediately after extraction and then every 72hours for 12days. The Cgroup extraction sites were left untreated by laser. Eighteen animals were sacrificed at each of the experimental periods 3 and 6weeks after extraction. The sockets were removed from the harvested mandibles and prepared for light microscopic examination and histomorphometric analysis. The SL and ML groups showed more bone formation and rapid maturation compared with the Cgroup at 3 and 6weeks postoperatively. At 6weeks, the SL group showed the formation of compact bone. Furthermore, the ML group exhibited well-vascularized bone marrow spaces. Histomorphometric analysis showed an increase in the percentage of newly formed bone in the SL and ML groups compared with the C group. Moreover, the difference in the percentage of newly formed between the SL and ML groups was not statistically relevant. This rabbit model showed that single or multiple diode laser applications can be used to enhance bone formation after tooth extraction.