Comparison of Short-term Visual Acuity Changes After Trabeculotomy ab Interno Using Trabectome and Trabeculectomy ab Externo

Abstract

To compare short-term visual acuity (VA) changes after trabeculotomy ab interno (TAI) using trabectome and trabeculectomy ab externo (TAE) performed on pseudophakic eyes. A single-center retrospective study. Patients with pseudophakic eyes who had primary open-angle glaucoma or exfoliation glaucoma and underwent TAI or TAE alone. Changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), medication score, Snellen VA, and the number of eyes with vision loss (loss of ≥ 2 Snellen lines) were evaluated at baseline, week 1, and months 1, 3, and 6. The risk factors for vision loss at 6 months postoperatively were analyzed in both groups. Visual acuity changes. A total of 112 eyes of 112 patients were examined: 46 in the TAI group and 66 in the TAE group. Intraocular pressure was significantly lower in both groups at each visit than at baseline. The TAI group had a significantly higher mean postoperative IOP than the TAE group. Medication scores in the TAI group were significantly different after 3 months compared with baseline; however, decreased significantly at all study visits in the TAE group. The mean VA in the TAI group did not decrease significantly at each visit. In the TAE group, it decreased significantly up to 3 months but was not significantly different at 6 months. At all study visits, the number of eyes with vision loss was significantly lower in the TAI group than in the TAE group. Only 2 eyes in the TAI group (4.3%) had vision loss at 6 months, which was caused by macular edema. In the TAE group, 13 eyes (19.7%) experienced vision loss at 6 months. In all cases, the presence of preoperative split fixation [odds ratio=7.30, P<0.05] and the occurrence of hypotony-related complications [odds ratio=6.76, P<0.05] within 6 months were risk factors for vision loss. TAI lowered IOP less than TAE; however, there was less vision loss with TAI. For eyes with a target IOP in the mid-teens, TAI can be recommended as initial surgery. Proprietary or commercial disclosuremay be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.