Abstract
The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technique has attracted attention in a wide range of manufacturing research areas, including the defense industry because of its high efficiency and good consistency of manufactured material properties. Shaped charge liner is the crucial unit in the shaped charge warhead. However, jet performance formed by SLM-produced liner remains to be studied systematically. In the present research work, the SLM technique was applied to manufacture CuSn10 shaped charge liners. Casted CuSn10 liners were also fabricated using the classical turning method for comparison. The grain size of the SLM-produced liner was found to be much smaller than the machined liner due to the rapid heating and cooling rate during the SLM manufacturing process. This contributed to improved jet performance. A flash X-ray photography system was applied to capture jet stretching appearances. Necking appears at the jet tip formed by the machined liner, while the jet formed by the SLM-produced liner remains continuous. Penetration test results show that the penetration depth of the jet formed by the SLM-produced liner is around 27% larger than that formed by the machined liner. Segments along the sidewall of the penetration tunnels were selected for in-depth micro analysis. Energy dispersed spectrum (EDS) surface scanning results indicate the composition at the side wall of the penetrated tunnel. Metallurgical microscope was applied to distinguish four different phase zones of the target. The width of these different zones indicates the severity of the lateral interaction between the jet and target, which can be adopted to evaluate jet penetration capability. The present study analyzes the factors that influence jet performances and proves that SLM technology is well-adapted in the manufacturing of shaped charge liners.
Highlights
Shaped charge liner (SCL) is the crucial unit in the shaped charge warhead, which is widely accepted as the default device to create severe damage on thick armor targets.The liner material turns into jet and slug after converging at the charge axis driven by the explosive production of the main charge [1]
The grain size of the Selective Laser Melting (SLM)-produced liner was found to be much smaller than the machined liner due to the rapid heating and cooling rate during the SLM manufacturing process
Heat treatment after the SLM manufacturing process causes recrystallization and equiaxed grain was observed both on the longitudinal section and the transversal section of the SLM-produced liner
Summary
Shaped charge liner (SCL) is the crucial unit in the shaped charge warhead, which is widely accepted as the default device to create severe damage on thick armor targets. Comparison of the penetration results revealed that the shaped charge jet formed by liners with ultra-fine grain outperforms the coarse-grain liner in terms of penetration [11,12]. These studies imply that a smaller liner grain size is beneficial in improving jet performance and the methods of refining grain size during the die forging process have been studied [13]. CuSn10 SCLs were fabricated using SLM technology and the classical turning method, respectively The microstructures of these two liners were observed using metallographic microscope. Based on the relevant results, the factors that influence the jet forming performance and the penetration capability were analyzed
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