Abstract
Serum samples from all 23 extant crocodilian species were tested for phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity against nine different bacterial species. The data were used to generate a PLA2 activity profile for each crocodilian species, and the data were used to compare the activities of the three main lineages (Alligatoridae, Crocodylidae, and Gavialidae), the seven different genera, and to compare all of the 23 individual species. The data revealed that the three lineages ofcrocodilians (Alligatoridae, Crocodylidae, and Gavialidae) exhibited PLA2 activities toward nine species of bacteria that were statistically distinguishable. In addition, the PLA2 activities of crocodilians in a specific genus tended to be more similar to other members in their genus than to members of other crocodilian genera.
Highlights
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a ubiquitous intracellular enzyme that functions in the excision of fatty acids from the sn-2 position of structural membrane lipids
Analysis of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) innate immunological data collected from each crocodilian species indicated the similarities between members of the three extant clades of crocodilians (Figure 1)
PLA2 activity towards different bacteria species differed among crocodilians at the family level (Alligatorids, Crocodylids, and Gavialids)
Summary
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a ubiquitous intracellular enzyme that functions in the excision of fatty acids from the sn-2 position of structural membrane lipids. This enzyme plays an important role in the degradation and metabolism of fatty acids. A soluble, circulating serum form of this enzyme (sPLA2) has been identified [1], which is thought to impart extensive immune function [2] [3] [4]. The sPLA2 in the peripheral blood is thought to cleave fatty acids from the membranes of microbes, compromising pathogen membrane integrity
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