Abstract
Background: Aberrant lipid metabolism presumed to have important relationship with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), though previous studies revealed inconsistent results on this area. Objectives: To identify the difference of serum lipid profile between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnant woman with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 at Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh with 31 GDM and equal number of NGT pregnant women diagnosed on the basis of WHO criteria-2013, during 24 - 40 weeks of gestation. Glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method and fasting serum lipid profile [Total cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and Triglyceride (TG)] was measured by enzymatic-colorimetric method. Data were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: Among total sixty-two (62) study subjects, 31 were GDM (age: 27.52 ± 4.8 years, body mass index (BMI): 27.17 ± 3.3 kg/m2) and 31 were pregnant women with NGT (age: 24.94 ± 4.2 years, BMI: 25.43 ± 6.5 kg/m2). Mean age of GDM group was significantly higher than that of NGT group (p = 0.028). Women with GDM showed relatively higher BMI than NGT women but that was not statistically significant (p = 0.194). Fasting lipid profiles between GDM and NGT (GDM vs. NGT; total cholesterol: 194.21 ± 42.18 vs. 208.52 ± 42.18 mg/dl, p = 0.187; HDL-C: 47.50 ± 16.17 vs. 47.18 ± 11.71 mg/dl, p = 0.928; LDL-C: 109.25 ± 28.80 vs. 119.30 ± 34.76 mg/dl, p = 0.220 and triglyceride 204.78 ± 58.50 vs. 202.34 ± 79.18 mg/dl, p = 0.891) were not significantly different. The variations in all lipid fraction values were not statistically significant among GDM women when analyzed between BMI groups holding BMI cut-off at 23 kg/m2. No significant differences of any values of lipid profile were found in GDM women according to various age categories (Age < 25 years vs. ≥25 years). Conclusions: Lipid profile does not differ between women with GDM and pregnant woman with NGT.
Highlights
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an abnormal glucose tolerance that is the first time detected during pregnancy, and is the most common medical and metabolic complication of pregnancy [1]
To identify the difference of serum lipid profile between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnant woman with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). This cross sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 at Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh with 31 GDM and equal number of NGT pregnant women diagnosed on the basis of WHO criteria-2013, during 24 40 weeks of gestation
plasma glucose (PG) values during 75 gm OGTT were significantly higher in GDM at all time points (GDM vs. NGT; 0-h PG: 5.36 ± 0.44 vs. 4.51 ± 0.32; 01-h PG: 9.8 ± 1.42 vs. 7.46 ± 1.2; and 02-h PG: 8.27 ± 1.45 vs. 6.6 ± 1.06 mmol/L, mean ± SD; p < 0.001 for all values)
Summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an abnormal glucose tolerance that is the first time detected during pregnancy, and is the most common medical and metabolic complication of pregnancy [1]. GDM is a heterogeneous disorder in which age, obesity, and genetic background contribute to the severity of the disease [7]. The hallmark of this condition is increased insulin resistance (IR) [8] [9]. Glucose level is increased in blood with excess insulin produced in GDM to overcome this resistance in a normal pregnancy [8] [9]. Objectives: To identify the difference of serum lipid profile between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnant woman with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).
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