Abstract
Tide represents the vertical variation of sea surface. This parameter plays important rules in bathymetric survey. The conventional method to observe the sea surface variation is by using tide pole. Nowdays, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can be used as a means to measure the variation of sea surface as it provides high accuracy coordinates. In this research, the vertical component of GNSS was utilized to analyze the variation of sea surface. The distance between tidal stations and the survey area can be a constrain to the depth reduction because its tidal zoning. The traditional tidal zoning is a discrete model. This can be minimalized using a co-tidal chart. In this research, the vertical variation of sea surface from GNSS and co-tidal chart approachs were examined and compared to the conventional method. The comparative analysis was performed with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The maximum and minimum RMSE during 3 days period between the GNSS and conventional approach are 0.246 m and 0.051 m, respectively. Whereas, the maximum and minimum RMSE between the co-tidal chart model and the conventional approach at the same time are 0.286 m and 0.109 m.
Highlights
Tide is a natural phenomenon of water surface’s periodic rise and fall as the result of celestial objects’ gravity, especially the moon and sun
It can be interpreted that the value of the sea level of the Global Positioning System (GPS) results is closer to the sea level height of the tide pole
The sea level height value generated from GPS observation data is referenced to the ellipsoid which is corrected so that it refers to the geoid
Summary
Tide is a natural phenomenon of water surface’s periodic rise and fall as the result of celestial objects’ gravity, especially the moon and sun. Tidal observations are carried out with the aim to record vertical sea level movements that occur periodically. There’s a possibility that the tide data is invalid for correction This situation happened because the characteristics of the tides can differ from one region to another [2]. Observations using GPS aims to position both horizontally and vertically with millimeters accuracy. This research was conducted with the aim to determine the differences found in sea level height results from tidal observation data using GPS and the results of co-tidal data. Knowing the differences in sea level height results from tidal observations using GPS and the results of co-tidal data on tide pole observation, conclusions can be drawn in which observational data has the smallest accuracy error
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