Comparison of Root Surface Wear and Roughness Resulted from Different Ultrasonic Scalers and Polishing Devices Applied on Human Teeth: An In-Vitro Study.

Muhammed Bedir Mahiroglu,Omer Birkan Agrali,Erkut Kahramanoglu,Mustafa Ay,Leyla Kuru

doi:10.3390/healthcare8010055

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to compare the root surface wear and roughness, resulted from the professional dental hygiene instruments, including ultrasonic dental scalers, rubber prophy cups, and nylon bristle brushes, on the extracted human mandibular incisor teeth. Teeth (n = 80) were randomly assigned into eight groups according to the applied scaler type (Ma = Magnetostrictive, Pi = Piezoelectric), degree of power (M = Medium, F = Full), and angulation (0° and 45°). In the second stage, the specimens (n = 40) were further divided into two groups according to the applied polishing device (nylon bristle brush or rubber prophy cup). Laser scanner and contact profilometer devices were used for the surface analysis. Both ultrasonic instruments tested in our study produced rougher surfaces when full power was used at a 0° angle (p < 0.01). The highest wear (0.82 ± 0.07 mm3) and roughness values (0.30 ± 0.01 µm) were detected in the PiF0 group. Polishing performed with a rubber prophy cup resulted in almost twice the wear as well as a smoother surface when compared to polishing performed with a nylon bristle brush (p < 0.001). Variations in the application parameters of ultrasonic scalers and the type of polishing instrument might lead to significantly different root-surface characteristics.

Highlights

Periodontal diseases are inflammatory disorders that begin with gingivitis, progress to periodontitis, and, if left untreated, may result in irreversible destruction of tooth-supporting tissues.The microbial biofilm covering the tooth surface supports chronic inflammation and may have both local and systemic destructive potential [1]
The amount of wear on the samples was determined via laser scanning analysis with a threedimensional
The amount of wear on the samples was determined via laser scanning analysis with a three-dimensional

Summary

Introduction

Periodontal diseases are inflammatory disorders that begin with gingivitis, progress to periodontitis, and, if left untreated, may result in irreversible destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. The microbial biofilm covering the tooth surface supports chronic inflammation and may have both local and systemic destructive potential [1]. Growing evidence regarding the two-way association between an individual’s periodontal and systemic health conditions suggests the importance of periodontal disease prevention and the need for proper treatment strategies [1]. The main goal of periodontal treatment is to obtain a biologically acceptable root surface [2]. This goal can be achieved by the mechanical removal of supra/subgingival biofilm and calculus, which are the most prominent causes of periodontal disease. Ultrasonic scalers are Healthcare 2020, 8, 55; doi:10.3390/healthcare8010055 www.mdpi.com/journal/healthcare

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