Comparison of Root Filling Quality of Two Types of Single Cone-Based Canal Filling Methods in Complex Root Canal Anatomies: The Ultrasonic Vibration and Thermo-Hydrodynamic Obturation versus Single-Cone Technique.

Yong-Sik Cho,Youngjun Kwak,Su-Jung Shin

doi:10.3390/ma14206036

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ultrasonic vibration and thermo-hydrodynamic obturation (VibraTHO) using two types of root canal sealers, in comparison to the single-cone (SC) technique and a calcium silicate-based root canal sealer in complex root canal anatomies. Thirty single-rooted human maxillary premolars with two canals that had a complex root canal anatomy of transverse anastomoses or ramifications were prepared and assigned to the following three experimental groups, according to the filling method: SE group, SC technique with Endoseal TCS; VE group, VibraTHO with Endoseal TCS; and VG group, VibraTHO with GuttaFlow 2. Each tooth was scanned using micro-computed tomography, and the volume percentages of the filling material were calculated. The analysis of variance was used to analyze the statistical differences between the three groups (p < 0.05). The mean volume of the filling material was higher in the VG and VE groups than that in the SE group (p < 0.05) along the apical to middle-to-coronal thirds, and significant differences were observed between each root canal area (p < 0.05), with the only exception being at the apical thirds between the VE and SE groups. The VibraTHO technique using GuttaFlow 2 can be a more effective root canal filling method for anatomically complex root canal systems than the SC technique with Endoseal TCS. On the other hand, the VibraTHO technique using Endoseal TCS has a limited effect on improving the quality of the root filling at the apical portion of anatomically complex root canal systems, compared to the SC technique with Endoseal TCS.

Highlights

Advancements in rotary nickel–titanium instruments have promoted the concept of a single cone (SC) root canal filling because of the availability of master GP cones that correspond to the taper of the rotary file [7]
(p < 0.05) along the apical to middle-to-coronal thirds, and significant differences were observed between the groups in each root canal area (p < 0.05), with the only exception being at the apical thirds between the VE and SE groups (Table 2)
Photomicrographs of representative cross-sections are shown in Figure 2; these were in good accordance with the micro-CT images taken at the same root canal levels

Summary

Introduction

Several root canal filling techniques that utilize gutta-percha (GP) and sealers exist; these range from the most widely used cold lateral condensation technique to various modified versions of the warm vertical condensation technique [1,3]. Advancements in rotary nickel–titanium instruments have promoted the concept of a single cone (SC) root canal filling because of the availability of master GP cones that correspond to the taper of the rotary file [7]. This concept has become increasingly popular, owing to its simplicity and short procedural time [8].

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Conclusion