Abstract
Wireless sensor network swears an exceptional fine-grained interface between the virtual and physical worlds. The clustering algorithm is a kind of key technique used to reduce energy consumption. Many clustering, power management, and data dissemination protocols have been specifically designed for wireless sensor network (WSN) where energy awareness is an essential design issue. Each clustering algorithm is composed of three phases cluster head (CH) selection, the setup phase, and steady state phase. The hot point in these algorithms is the cluster head selection. The focus, however, has been given to the residual energy-based clustering protocols which might differ depending on the application and network architecture. In this paper, a survey of the state-of-the-art clustering techniques in WSNs has been compared to find the merits and demerits among themselves. It has been assumed that the sensor nodes are randomly distributed and are not mobile, the coordinates of the base station (BS) and the dimensions of the sensor field are known.
Highlights
With the proliferation in automated devices and the development in wireless technologies wireless sensor network (WSN) have gained worldwide attention in recent years
We consider a wireless sensor network with N = 200 nodes randomly distributed in a 250 ×250 m field
A detail simulation survey of the clustering algorithms considering residual energy as the major problem are being presented for energy constrained wireless sensor network
Summary
With the proliferation in automated devices and the development in wireless technologies WSNs have gained worldwide attention in recent years. The sensor nodes senses and processes the data to make itself meaningful by using its embedded microprocessors and communicates those meaningful data through its transceiver [2]. They communicate over a short distance via a wireless medium and collaborate to accomplish a common task, for example, environment monitoring, battlefield surveillance, and industrial process control [3]. WSNs are made up of a large number of inexpensive devices that are networked via low-power wireless communications [4, 5]. In view of energy consumption in a wireless sensor network, data transmission is the most important with respect to others. Wasteful energy consumption can be due to the items: idle listening to the media, retransmitting due to packet collisions, overhearing, and generating/handling control packets [14, 15]
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