Abstract
Optimizing broodstock reproductive performance quality in aquaculture is crucial for planning long term genetic improvement programs to facilitate development of an effective seed dissemination strategy. In the current study, we investigated the relative reproductive performance of female Penaeus vannamei broodstock reared under two common rearing systems: i) recirculating tanks (RT) and ii) earthen ponds (EP), and evaluated relative individual female reproductive performance (RT vs EP), quality of reproductive females in relation to individual body size of spawners, and female reproductive quality relative to spawning order (number of spawning events per individual). No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed between RT-reared vs EP-reared females for: i) number of eggs per spawn (RT= 23.34 ± 0.72 × 104, EP= 22.45 ± 0.67 × 104), ii) number of nauplii per spawn (RT= 19.85 ± 0.85 × 104, EP= 19.53 ± 0.83 × 104), iii) hatch rate of eggs per spawn (RT= 0.83 ± 0.02, EP = 0.85 ± 0.02) or iv) relative fecundity - number of eggs per g of female (RT= 5.51 ± 0.15× 103, EP= 5.78 ± 0.19 × 103). We recorded 136 and 101 spawning events for RT and ER females, respectively. EP-reared females (1.93 ± 0.23) showed a significantly higher (P0.05). The data generated here will be used to optimize a genetic breeding strategy for our broodstock line and to develop a seed distribution strategy for the local production sector in China.
Highlights
In most breed improvement programs for farmed aquatic species, the stage following development of a breeding nucleus is to identify the best breeding candidates and to optimize their reproductive performance prior to implementing a selection regime (Gjedrem, 2005)
From a seed multiplier’s perspective, important parameters that determine relative individual female reproductive quality include; the number of eggs per spawn (NE), the number of nauplii per spawn (NN), the hatch rate of eggs (HR), and the proportion of females in the broodstock population that spawn per night, total nauplii numbers produced and the associated profit that is possible
There was no significant difference between treatments (RT vs earthen ponds (EP)) for most reproductive quality parameters
Summary
In most breed improvement programs for farmed aquatic species, the stage following development of a breeding nucleus is to identify the best breeding candidates and to optimize their reproductive performance prior to implementing a selection regime (Gjedrem, 2005). Specific tasks associated with this step in penaeid shrimp breeding include: (a) rearing offspring of individuals from the nucleus to sexual maturation; (b) providing the best broodstock to multipliers; and (c) supplying nauplii or postlarvae (usually PL5 or PL10) to the nursery sector – or if a nursery stage is not included juvenile shrimp are supplied directly to growout farmers In part, this sequence of events requires that broodstock used to produce juveniles show good individual reproductive performance as this is essential, to preserve genetic resources in the nucleus and to accumulate optimal breeding traits in live animals across generations, and to facilitate dissemination of quality seed to growout farms. There has been significant controversy about the relative reproductive performance of domesticated lines over the past 40 years, resulting from variation in a range of factors including impact of age, size, and/or genetic background (Aquacop, 1979; Primavera and Posadas, 1981; Menasveta et al, 1993; Medina et al, 1996; Browdy, 1998; Preston et al, 1999; Arcos et al, 2005a; Coman et al, 2006; Peixoto et al, 2008; Arnold et al, 2013; Marsden et al, 2013; Wen et al, 2015)
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