Abstract
Objective: The control ability different positions of body in space was due to interaction between neural, sensory, and muscle-skeletal systems, which is generally defined as postural control. Limitations in mobility: The prevalence of balance and gait problems is also high in persons with intellectual disabilities. Thus, the present research aimed to examine the effect of visual, proprioception, and vestibular systems manipulation on postural control in three groups of girls with Intellectual Disability. Methods: The method of the present study is comparative-causative. The statistical population of this study was all girls with oral disabilities in special schools in Rasht. Sixty girls with Intellectual Disability were assessed in groups of 7-9, 10-12, and 18-16 years old (N=20). Postural control was evaluated in four conditions: open and closed eyes and on hard and soft surfaces. Collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc test via SPSS software, V. 21 (P<0.05). Results: The research findings indicated that there were significant differences in postural control in all of the three groups. Based on the results in conditions 1, 2, and 3, there are significant differences between groups 1 and 3 and 2 and 3. Conclusion: These results support recent findings suggesting that Sensory systems for children with Intellectual Disabilities up to the age of 16-18 are still growing and maturing in terms of organizing and integrating with other systems in postural control. In each of the three age groups, the central nervous system, based on the proprioception information, provided better postural control.
Highlights
I ntellectual Disability (ID) is a complex disorder that is difficult to define precisely
This study revealed a significant difference between the first and third groups in the first position, where no sensory manipulation was performed, and all three systems were available to the individual
Since postural control scores were not the same in all four positions in the three age groups, the results obtained were consistent with different results
Summary
I ntellectual Disability (ID) is a complex disorder that is difficult to define precisely. This disorder significantly impairs the functioning of affected people in all areas of their lives and affects their minds and spirit. This disorder disrupts both the “self-concept” and “interpersonal relationships” approaches and significantly reduces the quality of coexistence of these individuals in society [1]. One of the most important fields of study created in this area includes body postural control [3]. The ability to control different body positions in space is due to the complex interaction of the nervous, sensory, and musculoskeletal systems, which is generally defined as the postural control system. For most functional tasks, the body’s vertical orientation
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