Comparison of Post-operative Complications among Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section vs Normal Vaginal Delivery

Abstract

Introduction: Majority of the deaths during child birth are due to complication after delivery. C-section which is a measure to reduce death rate of the mother and fetus comes with many complications. Proper knowledge should be provided to the child bearing mother to choose the right method of delivery. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to compare the post-operative complications among patients undergoing cesarean section vs normal vaginal delivery. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in department of obstetrics & gynaecology, Janaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Ramdaiya Bhawadi, Janakpurdham, Nepal, during the period from January 2020 to December 2022. Total 500 women who have given birth through vaginal delivery or cesarean section were included in this study. Result: Mean age of the study people in vaginal delivery group and cesarean section was 29.3 years (SD±7.5 years) and 30.9 years (SD±8.5 years) respectively. Maternal mortality was higher in cesarian section. Muscular pain was the commonest maternal complications in both vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group; 35.6% and 44.4% respectively. There was significant difference (p<0.05) between groups in muscular pain, problem in digestion, urinary trac infection, wound infection and SUI and other values were not statistically significant. In vaginal delivery group, 7.6% new born were admitted to NICU and in cesarean section group it was 11.6%. Delivery injury was commonest complication of neonatal in vaginal delivery group and RDS was commonest complication of neonatal in cesarean section group. Conclusion: For both maternal and neonatal cases, cesarean section has more complication than vaginal delivery. Muscular pain and headache were present in majority of the study people. Mortality rate in cesarean section is also slightly higher in this study.