Abstract
The aim is to compare the use of Cyanoacrylate adhesives (CAA) to the conventional suturing technique in terms of free gingival grafts (FGG) stability and healing in lower anterior and premolar regions. A split mouth design was initiated on 22 participants. Each side (from 2nd premolar to central incisor) was randomized to either the control or test groups. In the control group, sutures were used to stabilize the FGG, while, in the test group, the FGG was stabilized with butyl-cyanoacrylate. Full-periodontal clinical parameters were employed to assess the periodontal health. FGG-related parameters assessed included the keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival tissue thickness (GTT), FGG shrinkage% and pain using the VAS score. No significant differences in the mean values of the KTW nor FGG shrinkage% across six time points (p < 0.05) were observed, whereas highly significant differences in the mean values of GTT across six time points (F = 3.32; p = 0.008) were observed. The use of CAA in FGG stability and healing is comparable to conventional suturing for soft tissue grafts in terms of success outcomes. With its cost effectiveness, lesser time consumption, post-operative pain and comparable graft stability and dimensions, the use of CAA may be a promising alternative for conventional and microsurgical techniques for the stabilization of FGG in the oral cavity.
Highlights
A free gingival graft (FGG) is a periodontal surgical procedure utilized to create vestibular depth and widen the zone of the keratinized tissue, and was one of the first procedures used to treat gingival recession as well [1,2]
The post hoc test indicated that the mean gingival tissue thickness (GTT) values were significantly higher at BL and at 15 days when compared with the mean values of GTT values at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days, and no difference in the mean GTT values across these four points of observation (30, 60, 90 and 120 days)
The present study showed that cyanoacrylate, as an alternative method to stabilize a free gingival graft, is a worthwhile option that could help reduce the time and effort during the procedure
Summary
A free gingival graft (FGG) is a periodontal surgical procedure utilized to create vestibular depth and widen the zone of the keratinized tissue, and was one of the first procedures used to treat gingival recession as well [1,2]. Graft stability and minimal movement are crucial to maintain an adequate vascularity during the healing period, which, in turn, ensure the success of the procedure Another important factor to consider is to not strangulate the graft by over suturing or stretching [5]. Having an equalized distribution of pressure points along the graft is essential and must be considered by the periodontist [6]
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