Abstract

Abstract Our study investigated the nutrient profiles, bioactive metabolites, antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of traditional rice varieties such as Puzhuthikar (PTS), Elupaipoo Samba (EPS), Valan Samba (VS) and Garudan Samba (GS). The total phenols and flavonoids were significantly higher in PTS followed by GS, EPS and VS. Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) spectra showed therapeutically relevant secondary metabolites present in the rice varieties. Precisely, this is the first report about the metabolites of traditional rice varieties to the best of our knowledge. PTS displayed higher DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant activity, whereas, EPS had the significant capacity to reduce ferric ions and superoxide anions. The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory concentration reveal the effectiveness of PTS and EPS in type-II diabetes management. Overall, the results suggested that EPS and PTS extracts may afford a novel and an alternative source of nutrients, therapeutically relevant metabolites, antioxidants and blood glucose regulators.

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