Abstract
This work aims at analyzing the bioactive and anti-nutritional compounds of edible and wild beans when unprocessed and malted. Qualitative screening of phytochemicals in the various bean samples was determined in ethanol and petroleum ether solvents. Results of the anti-nutritional compositions of unprocessed wild bean extracted with petroleum ether showed there were no traces of saponin and polyphenol, in Feregede and also in edible bean-IT07K-243-1-10 which also had no traces of saponin and tannin. After malting, saponin was totally absent in Pakala, Mucuna, IT97k-499-35, IT07k-243-1-10, and IT04k-333-2 respectively. Polyphenol was also found to be absent in IT07k-243-1-10. Mucuna has the highest phytic acid level (7.8867 ± 0.011) while Feregede has the lowest phytic acid level (2.9810 ± 0.004). Otili has the highest anti-trypsin level (12.001 ± 0.0013). This study showed varying levels of anti-nutrients on the respective bean samples when unprocessed but decreased marginally after malting. It was keenly noted that values derived, either before and after malting were not significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) from each other. In all, this study had further shown that malting process enhanced removal of anti-nutrients which invariably would lead to availability of nutrient for animal and human consumption.
Highlights
Legumes have been recognized to be the second most valuable plant source for human andHow to cite this paper: Awoyinka O
The seeds of beans (Otili, Feregede, Pakala, and Mucuna cochindunum (Mucuna)) analyzed in this present study are rich in phytochemicals (Table 2-5)
As shown in the results, presence or absence of certain bioactive compounds depends on the solvent of extraction used because of their polar and non-polar nature or the bean form
Summary
Legumes (family: Fabaceae) have been recognized to be the second most valuable plant source for human andHow to cite this paper: Awoyinka O. Even though several common proteinaceous edible legumes (soyabean, cowpea, and others) are available on the market, in most instances, production rate compared with consumption (as food and feed) has remained unmet, and an ever-increasing demand has been witnessed [3]. They are unique foods because of their rich nutrient content including starch, protein dietary fiber, oligosaccharides, phyto-chemicals and minerals. Their nutritional contents contribute to many health benefits to the human beings [4] [5]
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