Abstract
Rattan cane is an important forest product only second to timber and bamboo, with higher economic value and ecological benefits. Physical and mechanical properties are more important quality performance indexes, which are highly correlated with the processing and utilization of rattan cane. The present paper describes a study of main physical and mechanical properties in different heights of rattan cane for four rattan species, and also makes a comparison of property for Calamus simplicifolius grown in different sites. The relationship between species, cane position, density and mechanical properties of the rattan in China is also discussed. The results show that the physical and mechanical properties differ among four rattan species, and they follow irregular variation pattern with height. The physical–mechanical properties have no significant difference among species except modulus of elasticity, and the same as the different geographical areas. The basic density and mechanical properties gave a more moderate correlation with quadric equation. This result will provide basic data support for property modification and commercial utilization of rattan resources.
Highlights
Rattan is a multi-purpose plant resource with long tough slender stems found mostly in the tropical rainforests, and has a high economic value which can be considered as a material with high potential in the construction industry [1]
The present paper describes a study of basic density, tensile property, bending property, compression strength and impact toughness in different heights of rattan cane for four rattan species distributed in Hainan and Yunnan province, and makes a comparison of property for C. simplicifolius grown in different geographical areas of Guangxi and Hainan
The basic density The results showed that basic density range from 0.33 to 0.36 g/cm3 in core, 0.52–0.60 g/cm3 in cortex of cane for three rattan species with larger diameter, the density of cortex was larger than that in core (Table 2)
Summary
Rattan is a multi-purpose plant resource with long tough slender stems found mostly in the tropical rainforests, and has a high economic value which can be considered as a material with high potential in the construction industry [1]. The physical– mechanical properties of rattan are the most important and most direct performance indicator to determine cane processing and utilization, while the most important factors that influence physical–mechanical properties are species, stem position, density and so on [5]. From the 1860s, the study on physical and mechanical properties of some rattan species began to increase in the Southeast Asia region, including major effecting factor to mechanical strength, and cane grading based on mechanical strength [5–9]. Research on physical and mechanical properties of rattan in China is mainly focused on Daemonorops margaritae, Calamus tetradactylus and C. simplicifolius, including test methods, specific gravity, shrinkage, longitudinal compressive strength, tensile strength, hardness, wear resistance, bending strength, shear strength parallel to the grain and micromechanics [10–13]. A complete picture of the quadruple interplay between species, cane position, density and mechanical properties of the rattan in China is missing
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