Comparison of Perioperative Blood Loss with and without Tranexamic Acid in Hip Arthroplasty

Abstract

Objective: To compare the perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for femur neckfractures with and without administering tranexamic acid before surgical incision.Study Design: Comparative Interventional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Orthopedic Department of Indus Hospital Karachi,st th from 1 January to 30 June 2015.Materials and Methods: After ethical committee approval, sixty patients, scheduled for hip arthroplasty wereincluded in this study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Thirty patients in Group A (Tranexamic acid) treated with tranexamic acid with 15mg/kg dose in 10 ml syringe and Group B were given an equal volume of saline before surgery. In both groups, blood loss was calculated. The need for blood transfusion as well as the th amount of blood required was also noted. In both the groups, hematocrit was measured on 5 post-operative.Results: A total of sixty patients (mean age 65.33±9.50 years), scheduled for hip arthroplasty, were included.There were 26 (43.3%) male and 34 (56.7%) female patients. Patients were divided into two equal groups,Group A (Tranexamic acid) and Group B (Normal Saline). Postoperative mean estimated blood loss wassignificantly reduced in Group A than group B (203.8±141.81 vs. 281.6±130.31 p=0.031).Conclusion: Tranexamic acid is a cost-effective and safe means of minimizing perioperative blood loss andreduction in hemoglobin concentration in hip arthroplasty.