Abstract
Although it is known that anxiety and depressive disorders frequently accompany migraine and TTH, the role of somatic amplification (SSA) and health anxiety in these diseases is not adequately known. The aim of this study is to compare SSA and health anxiety in patients with migraine or TTH, and healthy controls and to investigate the relationships between SSA, health anxiety, headache characteristics, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Fifty-four migraine, 50 TTH patients from the outpatient unit of the neurology department and 53 healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. The somatosensory amplification scale (SSAS), health anxiety inventory, Beck depression (BDI) and anxiety inventory (BAI) were administered to all participants. The SSAS scores were significantly higher in migraineurs compared with the healthy controls. The health anxiety scores were significantly higher in both migraine and TTH groups. The BDI and BAI scores were also significantly higher in migraine and TTH groups compared with the controls. A significant positive correlation was found between headache frequency and BAI scores, the visual analogue scale scores and SSAS and BDI scores in migraineurs. The SSAS scores were also significantly correlated with the BDI and BAI scores in both of the headache groups. A similar correlation was determined with the health anxiety scores. While patients with migraine and TTH evalute, taking into account the SSA and health anxiety may contribute to the prognosis and treatment of these diseases.
Highlights
It is known that anxiety and depressive disorders frequently accompany migraine and tension-type headache (TTH), the role of somatic amplification (SSA) and health anxiety in these diseases is not adequately known
The somatosensory amplification scale (SSAS) scores were significantly correlated with the Beck depression (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scores in both of the headache groups
Resultados: Quando comparados com os controles saudáveis, as pontuações da SSAS dos pacientes com enxaqueca foram significativamente maiores, enquanto as pontuações de hipocondria foram significativamente maiores em ambos os grupos de enxaqueca e TTH
Summary
It is known that anxiety and depressive disorders frequently accompany migraine and TTH, the role of somatic amplification (SSA) and health anxiety in these diseases is not adequately known. The somatosensory amplification scale (SSAS), health anxiety inventory, Beck depression (BDI) and anxiety inventory (BAI) were administered to all participants. Results: The SSAS scores were significantly higher in migraineurs compared with the healthy controls. The BDI and BAI scores were significantly higher in migraine and TTH groups compared with the controls. Objetivo: O presente estudo faz uma comparação entre pacientes que sofrem de enxaqueca e TTH com um grupo de controle saudável em termos de SSA e hipocondria e investiga a relação entre os achados e as características da cefaleia, a ansiedade e os sintomas depressivos. A escala de amplificação somatossensorial (somatosensory amplification scale, SSAS), o inventário de hipocondria, o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) e o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (Beck Anxiety Inventory, BAI) foram aplicados aos participantes. Conclusão: Em avaliações dessas doenças, a hipocondria e a SSA devem ser levadas em consideração, pois se acredita que essa abordagem possa contribuir positivamente para o prognóstico e tratamento da doença
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