Abstract
Background & Objective:A simple approach to prevent close contact in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 outbreak is to train patients to collect their own nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and deliver them to medical laboratories to have them processed. The aim of our study was to compare lab technician- with patient- collected oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal samples for detection of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) using rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR).Methods:Fifty adult patients with flu-like symptoms and radiologic findings compatible with atypical pneumonia who were admitted to the infectious diseases ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran, with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 from February 28 to April 27 of 2020 were randomly selected and entered in our study. Two sets of naso- and oropharyngeal swabs were collected, one set by a lab technician and the other by the patients, and the COVID-19 rRT-PCR test was performed.Results:Of 50 selected cases, in seven patients all collected naso- and oropharyngeal swabs tested positive, and in 22 patients all samples tested negative for COVID-19 in rRT-PCR. Discrepancies between rRT-PCR results of lab technician- and patient-collected swabs were observed in 12 nasopharyngeal and 13 oropharyngeal specimens. Positive lab technician-collected and negative patient-collected samples were observed in 10 and 5 nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens, respectively. Negative lab technician-collected and positive patient-collected samples were observed in two and seven nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens, respectively. The overall percentage of agreement among both nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs taken by a lab technician and patients was 76% with a kappa value of 0.49 (P=0.001).Conclusion:Based on our findings, lab technician-collected naso- and oropharyngeal swabs cannot be replaced by patient-collected ones with regard to COVID-19 rRT-PCR.
Highlights
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 for the first time and the World Health Organization (WHO) warned about a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic eventually [1,2].COVID-19 patients are asymptomatic or present with flu-like symptoms
Of 50 selected cases, in seven patients all collected naso- and oropharyngeal swabs tested positive, and in 22 patients all samples tested negative for COVID-19 in rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)
Based on our findings, lab technician-collected naso- and oropharyngeal swabs cannot be replaced by patient-collected ones with regard to COVID-19 rRT-PCR
Summary
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 for the first time and the World Health Organization (WHO) warned about a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic eventually [1,2].COVID-19 patients are asymptomatic or present with flu-like symptoms. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 for the first time and the World Health Organization (WHO) warned about a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic eventually [1,2]. Some high-risk individuals can develop rapidly progressive acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [3, 4]. A simple approach to prevent close contact in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 outbreak is to train patients to collect their own nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and deliver them to medical laboratories to have them processed. The aim of our study was to compare lab technician- with patientcollected oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal samples for detection of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) using rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)
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